| 摘要: |
| 依据NSM理论对汉语中有关“心”的字词分析发现,知晓、思虑、欲望和情感4个表示心理活动的语义原词有机地体现在具体语言形式中: “心”、“心”部首字以及二者所参与构成的词语,它们或者表达这些语义原词的本义,或者表达这些语义原词之间的逻辑关系,或者以隐喻的形式承载着这些语义原词,体现了汉语思维的整体性和意向性特点;与“心”有关的相关字词的语义结构反映了心理活动与魂、魄、天、地、鬼、神等想象中的概念形象密不可分的特点,体现了心范畴的神秘色彩。汉语心范畴还有丰富的道德内涵。 |
| 关键词: 心 心部首字 语义原词 |
| DOI：10.13216/j.cnki.upcjess.2019.01.0013 |
| 分类号:H030 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目(17BYY016);北京市社会科学基金项目 (16YYB024) |
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| Semantic Primitives and "Heart" |
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LI Degao1, XU Jinmin2, ZHANG Jijia3
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(1.School of Translation Studies, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 276826, China;2.Guangdong Peizheng College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510830, China;3.Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 10086, China)
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| Abstract: |
| We tried to see a view of the "mind" in the lexicon of cognition in Chinese. According to NSM (Natural Semantic Metalanguage), we analyzed the semantic network formed by the Chinese character for heart (CH), Chinese characters with CH as the heading part (CHHs), and words or fixed expressions in which CH or a CHH was a component character. The results are as follows. The four semantic primitives of knowing, thinking, wanting, and feeling are integrated in specific expressions. Words or fixed expressions convey the logical relations of semantic primitives, or semantic primitives are embedded in words or expressions by means of metaphors, revealing the holistic and intentional mode of thinking in Chinese. Furthermore, mental activities are integrated with imagined concepts or figures of super power, and the concept of mind has a strong dimension of morality. |
| Key words: Heart Chinese characters semantic primitives |
