| 摘要: |
| 国家与社会间的冲突、妥协甚至相互包容的关系是贯穿现代政治研究进程的主线之一,也构成了政治学理论的基本面向。20世纪70年代中期,自由民主秩序以胜利者的姿态向非民主国家渗透与扩张,“公民社会”理论承载着反国家主义的积极理想强势复兴,然而,其内部潜存着既消解理论对手又自我消解的逻辑困境。公民社会研究复兴近20年后冷战结束,全球范围内的政治学知识话语从“制度”向“治理”转型,社会资本理论接力般以反个人主义的新面目填补了公民社会脆弱的伦理观,亦迎合了世界政治学知识话语的新变化,提出了突破集体行动困境的政治绩效解释机制。近年来与全球化潮流伴生,主权国家间移民加速,国、族结构异质化且精英多持多元文化主义,国家认同削弱,社会凝聚力下降。当前东西方学界均试图超越国家—社会二元分立的分析框架,从普遍主义的“公民社会”撤退,国家与社会一体考量的“国民社会”成为“社会”角色的新面向。 |
| 关键词: 公民社会 社会资本 多元主义 |
| DOI：10.13216/j.cnki.upcjess.2019.06.0005 |
| 分类号:D035-3;D52 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BKS085);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(R1809005B); 山东省社会科学规划项目(19CXSXJ36) |
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| The Theoretical Role Evolution of "Society" under the Transformation of Political Discourse |
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ZHANG Huiyun
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(School of Marxism, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China)
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| Abstract: |
| Research of the conflicts, compromises and even the mutual inclusive relations between state and society is one of the main lines running through modern political research and forms the basic orientation of political theory. In the mid-1970s, the Western liberal democratic order infiltrated and expanded to non-Western countries as victors, and the reviviscence of civil society theory which carried the positive ideal of anti-nationalism actually included a logic dilemma of dispelling both theoretical opponents and self-dispelling. Nearly two decades later, social capital theory filled in the fragile ethics of civil society with new features of anti-individualism, catered to the change of political knowledge discourse from "government" to "governance", and proposed a political performance interpretation mechanism to break through the dilemma of collective action. In recent years, the heterogeneity of national structure and the multiculturalism of elites in Western countries have weakened national identity and social cohesion. The civil society theory against nationalism and social capital theory against individualism cannot cope with the new changes in the political situation and the corresponding political discourse transformation. At present, the Western academic circle retreats from the Universalist "civil society", "national society" with the integration of state and society becomes a new aspect of the theoretical role of "society". |
| Key words: civil society social capital pluralism |
