| 摘要: |
| 自然状态学说对卢梭的政治社会思想体系具有基础性意义。卢梭对自然状态的论证过程是,首先对以前的所有自然法理论进行攻击,否认了“自然法”概念的可能性,然后强力论证了自然状态的真实存在。与前人不同的是,卢梭采用了物理的和进化论的研究视角重新研究人类的自然状态。但他更为颠覆性的思想是对人从形而上学层面进行了重新定义,提炼出可完善性这一人类独有的特征。卢梭最终论证和展示的是一个稳定而自足的人类的自然状态。 |
| 关键词: 卢梭 自然状态 自然法 进化论 可完善性 理性 自由 |
| DOI：10.13216/j.cnki.upcjess.2017.02.0005 |
| 分类号:B504 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Rousseau on the State of Nature ——From Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality among Men |
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YANG Junfeng
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(School of Government, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)
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| Abstract: |
| The theory of "state of nature" has fundamental significance for Rousseau 's political and social ideology. This article focuses on combing the process of argumentation of the state of nature. Firstly, he refutes all the previous arguments about natural law theory, denies the possibility of natural law, and then, strongly demonstrates the real existence of natural state. In addition, Rousseau adopts a physical and evolutional research perspective to restudy the nature of human beings, which is different from other people 's previous researches. However, his more disruptive idea is redefining the metaphysical level and extracting the perfectibility which only human beings own. Rousseau finally shows and motivates a stable and self-contained natural state of human beings. |
| Key words: Rousseau the state of nature natural law the theory of evolution perfectibility reason freedom |
