| 摘要: |
| 不同于一般的涉外侵权,涉外环境侵权具有跨国性、主体地位不对等以及涉及广泛的公共利益等特殊性,应当设置专门的法律适用规则予以规制。在比较法层面, 《瑞士联邦国际私法》《欧盟非合同之债法律适用条例》 为我国的规则设计提供了借鉴。现代国际私法的价值目标兼顾法律适用的确定性与灵活性,在确保适用结果确定性的基础上,追求判决结果的实体正义。故此,涉外环境侵权法律适用应当基于受害人利益保护原则,适用侵权结果发生地法律,并赋予受害人选择适用侵权行为实施地法律的权利；又基于侵权的私法属性,应当允许当事人协商一致选择准据法,并对此种意思自治进行必要的限制。总之,涉外环境侵权应适用侵权结果发生地法律,但受害人选择适用侵权行为实施地法律的除外；当事人事后合意明示选择侵权行为实施地、侵权结果发生地或法院地法律的,按照其协议。 |
| 关键词: 涉外环境侵权 法律适用 冲突规范 国际私法 |
| DOI：10.13216/j.cnki.upcjess.2023.04.0009 |
| 分类号:D997.2;D922.68 |
| 基金项目:教育部首批新文科研究与改革实践项目(2021140087)；青岛市社会科学规划项目(QDSKL2101048) |
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| Application of Law for Foreign-related Environmental Tort from the Perspective of Comparative Law |
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DONG Jinxin, WANG Qiyan
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(School of Humanity & Law, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China)
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| Abstract: |
| Unlike the general foreign-related tort, foreign-related environmental tort has the particularity of transnational nature, unequal subject status and involving a wide range of public interests, so special legal application rules should be set up to regulate it. At the level of comparative law, Rome II Regulation on the Law Applicable to Non-Contractual Obligations and Swiss Federal Act on Private International Law provide reference for our country 's rule-making. The value goals of modern private international law is to take account of the certainty and flexibility of the application of law, and to pursue the substantive justice of the judgment on the premise of ensuring the certainty of the applicable result. Therefore, the application of law for foreign-related environmental tort should follow the principle of protecting the interests of the victim to apply the law of the place where the result of the infringement occurs, and give the victim the right to choose the law of the place where the tort is performed. Based on the nature of the private law of infringement, the parties should be allowed to choose the applicable law by consensus. Necessary limitations of the autonomy should be made. In short, foreign-related environmental tort should apply the law of the place where the result of the infringement occurs, except where the victim chooses to apply the law of the place where the tort is performed. If the parties agree to expressly choose the law of the place where the tort is performed, the place where the infringement result occurs or the place of the court, the agreement shall be followed. |
| Key words: foreign-related environment tort application of law conflict rules private international law 英文编校:杨 欣 |
