| 摘要: |
| 《生态环境法典》设置绿色低碳发展编,以能源绿色低碳转型专节规则为核心,结合总则编及其他各编相关规定,共同构成典内能源转型的规范基础。典内能源转型规则以原则性条款、基本制度条款为主,确立了节约资源与保护环境、主体责任、能源绿色低碳发展、能源转型发展及严格追责五大原则。为实现原则意涵向制度规则的规范转化,《生态环境法典》不仅着力构建化石能源合理开发与有序替代、非化石能源大力发展与提高消费比重、可再生能源优先布局与配套设施建设三大类别的差异化能源开发利用制度,亦在供给端设立能源落后技术淘汰制度、能源科技开发创新与国际交流制度,在消费端建立能源差别化价格制度,依托双向治理路径推进能源转型。为推进能源转型法律规范体系的科学适用,应坚持以典内规则为指引、以典外规则为功能补充的二元进路。一方面,以典内规则为指引,坚持生态优先、公平正义、安全效率等价值理念,明晰能源供给、消费、监管等主体权责,在三大类能源开发利用领域重点发力,以典内规则为能源转型规范体系提供衔接机制与兜底保障；另一方面,以典外规则为功能补充,构建以《能源法》为核心,其他单行法律分领域规制为补充,行政法规、部门规章、规范性文件为实践约束,地方性法规、地方政府规章、自治条例、单行条例为区域化动态适配基础的能源转型典外规范体系。 |
| 关键词: 《生态环境法典》 能源转型 能源规范 |
| DOI：10.13216/j.cnki.upcjess.2026.03.0007 |
| 分类号:D922.67 |
| 基金项目:中国法学会研究阐释党的二十届四中全会和中央全面依法治国工作会议精神专项课题(CLS(2026)ZX037) |
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| Systematic Interpretation and Approaches to Application of Energy Transformation Regulations in the Ecological and Environmental Code |
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WANG Jiang1,2, LI Shuyan2
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(1.The Western Environmental and Resource Legal Construction Research Center, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China;2.School of Law, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)
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| Abstract: |
| The Ecological and Environmental Code establishes a dedicated volume for green and low-carbon development, with a special chapter on the green and low-carbon transformation of energy serving as its normative core. Together with relevant provisions in the General Principles and other volumes, these rules constitute the internal normative foundation for energy transformation within the Code. The aforesaid rules primarily consist of principled clauses and basic institutional clauses, establishing five fundamental principles of resource conservation and environmental protection, responsibility of relevant subjects, green and low-carbon energy development, energy transition and transformation, and stringent accountability. To convert these principle into concrete institutional rules, the Code not only focuses on the construction of differentiated systems for the development and utilization of three major categories of energy, including the rational exploitation and orderly substitution of fossil fuels, the vigorous development and increased consumption proportion of non-fossil fuels, and the prioritized deployment of renewable energy together with supporting infrastructure; but also establishes, on the supply side, mechanisms for the phase-out of outdated energy technologies, energy technological innovation and international cooperation, and, on the demand side, a differentiated energy pricing system. Through this dual governance approach targeting both energy supply and consumption, the Code seeks to promote energy transformation comprehensively. Furthermore, to ensure sound application of the legal and regulatory framework for energy transformation, a dual approach should be adopted, consisting of internal guidance within the Code and functional supplementation by external legal norms. On the one hand, the provisions of the Code should serve as the primary guidance in the following three aspects:firstly, upholding core values of ecological priority, fairness and justice, security and efficiency; secondly, clarifying the rights, obligations and liabilities of subjects involved in energy supply, consumption and regulation; thirdly, concentrating regulatory efforts on the development and utilization of three major categories of energy sources. Thus its internal provisions can provide coordination mechanisms and bottom-line safeguards for the broader energy transformation regulatory framework. On the other hand, external legal norms should function as complementary instruments to formulate an extra-Code normative framework for energy transformation, which is centered on the Energy Law, supplemented by sector-specific legislation, constrained in practice by administrative regulations, departmental rules and normative documents and supported by local regulations, local government rules, autonomous regulations and separate regulations as the basis for regionally differentiated and dynamic adaptation. |
| Key words: the Ecological and Environmental Code energy transformation energy regulations 英文编校:韩淑芹 |
